閱讀測驗是很多考生畏懼的英文題型之一，其實閱讀測驗的解題並不難，因為外國人寫文章都愛用破題法，只要看第一段即可知道文章大概在講什麼內容。例如在此篇文章的第一段中，有提到“intellectual”(知識分子)、“capitalist”(資本主義者、有錢人)，所以文章一定跟“知識分子與有錢人”有關。只要耐心看完整篇文章，從文章中找線索，多讀、多練習，一定可以提升閱讀能力！
Intellectuals now expect to be the most highly valued people in a
society, those with the most prestige and power, and those with the
greatest rewards. Intellectuals feel entitled to this. But a capitalist
society does not honor its intellectuals. Ludwig von Mises explains
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the resentment of intellectuals by saying they mix socially with
successful capitalists and so have them as a salient comparison
group and are humiliated by their lesser status. However, even those
intellectuals who do not mix socially are similarly resentful, while
merely mixing is not enough--the sports and dancing instructors who
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cater to the rich and have affairs with them are not noticeably
anti-capitalist.
Why do intellectuals feel entitled to the highest rewards their
society has to offer and resentful when they do not receive this?
Intellectuals feel they are the most valuable people, the ones with the
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highest merit, and that society should reward people in accordance
with their value and merit. But a capitalist society does not satisfy the
principle of distribution “to each according to his merit or value.” The
market distributes to those who satisfy the perceived
market-expressed demands of others. Unsuccessful businessmen
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and workers do not have the same animus against the capitalist
system as do the wordsmith intellectuals. Only the sense of
unrecognized superiority, of entitlement betrayed, produces that
anger.
( ) 1. According to the passage, what kind of people are against capitalism?
(A) Intellectuals in general
(B) Intellectuals who mix with capitalists
(C) Intellectuals and capitalists
(D) Intellectuals, workers, and successful businessmen
( ) 2.According to the passage, intellectuals feel resentful because _____.
(A) they feel they are not as wealthy as those who do not have merits
(B) they mix with successful capitalists and feel ashamed of their lesser status
(C) they have done their best for the society but the society does not value their contribution
(D) they feel they should receive the highest rewards the society can offer but they do not receive them
( ) 3. The meaning of the word “animus” is most likely to be _____.
(A) spirit (B) anger (C) courage (D) tendency
( ) 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?
(A) In a capitalist society, people with merit and value get the greatest rewards.
(B) Intellectuals believe that how much is distributed depends on the market demands.
(C) According to Ludwig von Mises, intellectuals have the most salient status in a society.
(D) Sports instructors to the rich do not feel humiliated when they are with those capitalists.
英銘老師：閱讀測驗是很多考生畏懼的英文題型之一，其實閱題測驗的的解題並不難，因為外國人寫文章都愛用破題法，只要看第一段即可知道文章大概在講什麼內容。例如在此篇文章的第一段中，有提到“intellectual”(知識分子)、 “capitalist”(資本主義者、有錢人)，所以文章一定跟“知識分子與有錢人”有關。
第1題：根據這篇文章，什麼樣的人會反對資本主義？根據文章的第3行至第4行，可得知資本主義社會不尊敬知識分子，所以兩者是對立的。因此答案是(A)。
補充：
intellectual adj. (需)智力的、聰明的 n. 知識分子 (always)
High levels of lead could damage the intellectual development of children.
鉛含量過高會損害兒童的智力發展。
Ms. Gray is an intellectual woman.
Gray女士是一個聰明的女人。
Marcus considers himself an intellectual.
Marcus認為自己是一個知識分子。
更多完整內容 請至國考專門店 英銘國考英文周刊-No.47-閱讀測驗篇
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